一、大平衡——宇宙本原。自然、社会、人的根本法则。
I. The Great Balance is the first principle of the universe, and fundamental law of nature, society and man.
“大”， 即大自然、大社会，“大人”德高者，“大法”根本法则。“大心”内心世界，“大致、大体”相对的意思。
“Greatness” refers to great nature, great society. “Great men” are people of good moral standing; “great laws” are fundamental ones; “great minds” are people’s inner world, and “in general” is of a relative meaning.
“平衡”，宇宙之本原。事物发展的起点、过程、状态、终点、规律。平衡是存在的原因。既是“理”的存在、又是“物”的存在，更是“物理因果”同一的存在。
“Balance” is the first principle of the cosmos, and the starting point, process, state, terminal and law of development. Balance is the reason for existence. It is a “being” of “reason” and of “thing” as well, and more, the same being of “matter, reason, cause and result.”
二、以往的“平衡”：
II. “Balance” in the past:
“平衡”最早见于《汉书·律历志 上》“准正，则平衡而钧权矣。”① 平衡指衡器两端承受的重量相等。引申为相关方面在数量或质量上均等或大致相等。② 平衡亦称“均衡”。过去在哲学上指矛盾暂时的相对统一或协调。事物发展稳定、有序的标志之一。平衡与不平衡相对，二者相互转化、相反相成。一般分为动态平衡和静态平衡。
“Balance” first appeared in Part One, Bibliography of Calendar, the History of Han: “With the criterion in place, it is balanced and the two ends are of the same weight.” 1. Balance refers to the weights at the two ends of the beam are equal. By extension it means related aspects are equal or roughly equal in quantity or quality. 2. Balance, also called “equilibrium,” refers to temporary relative unity or coordination of contradictions in philosophy. It is one of symbols that things develop in a steady and orderly way. Balance is opposed to imbalance; the two change into each other, oppose yet complement each other. It is generally divided into dynamic balance and static balance.
三、以往的“平衡论”：
III. Balance theories in the past:
① 东汉唯物主义哲学家王充（公元27—约公元97），他认为“天地合气，万物自生，犹夫妇合气，子自生矣”（《论衡·自然》）。是“气”的自我运动产生万物，不存在有意志的造物者。
1. Wang Chong (27-97 A.D.), materialist philosopher of the Eastern Han Dynasty, believed that “Qi between heaven and earth produces all things on earth. It is like when Qi of parents is integrated, from which a child is born.” (Nature, Discussion about Balance) The self-movement of “Qi” produces all things, while there is no conscious Creator.
② 法国的孔德先生和英国的斯宾塞先生所主张的哲学方面的“平衡论”，亦称“均衡论”。其主要观点是“把事物发展的相对平衡绝对化的形而上学理论”。认为平衡、渐变是正常的，不平衡则是反常的。
2. Auguste Comte of France and Herbert Spencer of Britain advocated the “Balance Theory” in the field of philosophy, also called “Equilibrium Theory.” Its major content is a “metaphysical theory to make absolute the relative balance of development.” It holds that balance and gradual change is normal, whereas imbalance is abnormal.
③ 前苏联布哈林先生提出的经济平衡和社会平衡的“动的平衡”观点。主张在过渡时期，通过强制征集粮食、实行义务劳动和平均分配等违背价值规律的不平衡手段，达到当时苏联自然经济体系的平衡。
3. Nikolai Bukharin of former Soviet Union put forward the concept of “balance of movement” about economic balance and social balance. The concept is to achieve the balance of natural economic system of former Soviet Union by unbalanced measures against law of value in transitional periods, such as forced grain collecting, voluntary labor and equal distribution.
④ 近年来人们从行业角度提出的平衡或平衡论。如：普里高金先生“耗散结构论”中的“自组织平衡”，英国学者的“自由和责任的平衡”，北京大学马寅初教授、罗豪才教授提出的“人口与资源平衡”、“行政法学平衡论”等。
4. In recent years people put forward concepts of balance or balance theories from the industrial perspective, such as the “self-organization balance” in the “Dissipative Structure” by Ilya Prigogine, the “balance between freedom and responsibility” by British scholars, and the “balance between population and resources” and the “balance theory on administrative law” proposed by professors Ma Yinchu and Luo Haocai of Beijing University.
以上平衡论中所谈的“平衡”基本上是静态概念。
The concept of “balance” discussed in above balance theories is basically static.
四、大平衡的“平衡”：宇宙之本原。一个变化的存在。事物发展的起点、过程、状态、终点、规律。平衡，即“中庸”、“中”、“和”，最高境界为“适”。平衡亦称均衡，是事物发展的状态。表现为协调、和谐、胜利、成功、关心、高兴、喜欢、幸福、尊重、有序、正常、赢利、风调雨顺、存在……。平衡与不平衡相对，二者“对立互根、融合循环、趋向同一、贯穿始终”，构成一对哲学范畴。
IV. “Balance” in the Great Balance philosophy:
“Balance” in the Great Balance philosophy is the first principle of the cosmos, a changing being. It is the starting point, process, state, terminal and law of development. Balance is “golden mean,” “middle” and “harmony,” and the highest level is “appropriateness.” Balance, also called equilibrium, is the state of development, shown as coordination, harmony, victory, success, concern, delight, love, happiness, respect, orderliness, normality, profit, favorable weather, existence… Balance and imbalance “oppose to each other, but are rooted in each other; integrate and repeat in cycles, develop into a unified one, and exist from beginning to end,” constructing a pair of philosophical concepts.
“大平衡”既是 “理”的存在，又是 “物”的存在，更是二者的融合自因自为自然的存在。这个“存在”可以是“有”可以是“无”，还可以是“有、无”的共同存在。这个“存在”既可以“风平浪静、和风细雨、轻歌曼舞”，还可以“飞沙走石、枪林弹雨、天崩地裂”。平衡是“渐变突变、持续间断、有序无序、和谐抗争”的有机统一。是一个动态的、相对的、大致和大体的宇宙系统的存在。
The “Great Balance” is a being of “reason” and of “matter” as well; and furthermore, it is a natural being combining the two with self cause and self conduct. The “being” can be “existence” or “nonexistence” or one combing “existence” and “nonexistence.” The “being” can “be calm and tranquil, like a gentle breeze and light rain, sing softly and dance with grace and ease;” it can also “whirl up sand and roll along stones, be roaring guns and flying bullets, and make the sky fall and the earth crack.” Balance is an organic unity of “gradual change and sudden change, constancy and interruption, order and disorder, harmony and conflict.” It is a static, relative, and general being.
同一件事情，角度不同看法不同。有人认为它“平衡”，就有人认为它“不平衡”。有人认为它“不平衡”，就有人认为它“平衡”。这是正常现象将永远存在。但究竟“平衡与否”，最终是以老百姓和历史发展的评说为准。
As for the same thing, people may have different views from different perspectives. Some consider it “balanced” while others believe that it is “unbalanced.” Some deem it “unbalanced” while others consider it “balanced.” This is a normal phenomenon and will exist forever. But whether it is “balanced or not” should be judged by comments from the people and historical development.
五、今平衡与昔平衡比较：过去认为只有平静、有序、和谐、理性、相安无事才是平衡。反之就不是平衡。现在大平衡所谈的“平衡”是一个宇宙全局范围的平衡,它不同于以往物理学、化学、经济学以及过去人们一般哲学意义上的“平衡”。更不能认为平衡是一团和气、四平八稳、循序渐进、不要对抗、不要抗争。恰恰相反，“大平衡”不但不排斥抗争，而且还认为：事物在趋向自身平衡的过程中，有时的抗争是激烈的、甚至还是残酷的和难以想象的。况且，有抗争未必就是坏事，更可能是好事。事物往往就是在抗争中成长、发展和壮大起来的。“反者道之动”，平衡始于抗争，平衡往往产生于斗争之中。没有斗争就没有平衡。但斗争是为了平衡而不是为了斗争。斗争是手段、平衡是目的。
V. Comparison between present balance and past balance:
In the past people believed that calmness, orderliness, harmony, reason or living in peace was balance; if not, it was not balance. The “balance” discussed in the Great Balance Theory is different from that in physics, chemistry, economics or some ordinary philosophical studies. Moreover, we cannot just think that balance is harmony, stability, proceeding in an orderly and gradual way, no confrontation, and no conflict. On the contrary, the Great Balance Theory not only does not exclude conflict, but also holds that during the process that things develop towards self-balance, sometimes the conflict is so violent, even ruthless and hard to imagine. Besides, conflict is not always bad; it can probably be good. Things usually grow, develop and get stronger in conflict. As “the opposite is the source of movement,” balance starts from conflict. Balance usually grows in conflict. Without conflict, there is no balance. But the goal of conflict is balance, not conflict. Conflict is the way while balance is the goal.
总之，平衡是宇宙的本体。什么也“没有”的时候它就有，什么也有了它也在，什么也没了的“奇点”处它还在……。它们都是不同的平衡状态。平衡是有神与无神、物质与精神、存在与意识的有机统一。它们本来就是同一个东西的两个称谓。没有平衡就没有世界。“平衡”既独立存在，又寓于万物为其存否之理。所以，平衡不是绝对而是与万物个个相对。平衡又是自然、社会、人生存、发展的根本机制，万物依它芸芸而生。
In summary, balance is the noumenon of the cosmos. When nothing came into being it was there; when things were born it was there; and even at the singularity point where all disappeared, it was still there… All are different states of balance. Balance is the organic unity of theism and atheism, matter and spirit, being and consciousness. They are two forms of address for the same thing. If there were no balance, there would be no world. “Balance” exists independently, and at the same time is present in all things as the reason for their existence. And therefore, balance is not absolute; it exists in opposition to everything in the world. Balance is the fundamental mechanism for the existence and development of nature, society, and man, and myriad of things exist in this mechanism.
六、大平衡的研究对象依然是：自然、社会、人。目的：自我提升，保障生存。
VI. The objects for research of the Great Balance Theory are nature, society and man. The goal is to improve man himself and guarantee subsistence.
大平衡的最高境界，始终是“天地人”和谐相宜的一个“适”字。
The highest level of the Great Balance Theory is “harmony” among the heaven, earth and man.
大平衡的前提理念——诚信。“无诚无物”，“无信不立”。真实就是力量。
The prerequisite idea of the Great Balance Theory is “honesty and credit.” “Without honesty there would be no substance,” and “without credit, one cannot get along with the world.” Truth is power.
七、大平衡的五个基本观点：
VII. The five basic opinions of the Great Balance Theory:
1、世间万物无不处在动态的平衡与不平衡之中。（总体状态）
1. All the things in the world are always in dynamic movement between balance and imbalance. (This is the general state.)
自然科学告诉我们：整个自然界，从小到无内的基本粒子到大到无外的宇宙天体，从原生生物到当今人类，无一不是自发地处于永恒的产生、成长、壮大、消亡、有序联动的进化与周期循环之中。
Natural sciences tell us that all those in nature, from elementary particles as small as no inner structure to the cosmos without boundary, from primitive organism to man of today, are without exception in spontaneous and eternal evolution and periodic cycles -- emergence, growth, expansion, disappearance and orderly and successive movement.
如自然界的日月更替、四季轮回、寒来暑往、生长收藏……；人类社会的利益争让、对抗对话、战争和平、经济人文；人的生存、健康、升学、恋爱、就业、成家、加薪、升职、快乐、幸福、荣耀与否……等等。人与自然、人与人、人与自己融汇交织，浑成一个有序联动、渗透转化、因果循环的全息场景。这个场景中充满了矛盾，矛盾的“对立统一”规律始终贯穿其中。世间万物运动就是矛盾“对立统一”规律——“理”的运动。在大平衡来看，这个运动更应当是“对立统一”的原因——“平衡与不平衡”——“物/理”的同时运动。所以，世间万物无不处在动态的平衡与不平衡之中。
Examples include: in nature, alternation between the sun and moon, rotation of four seasons, and growth and harvest; in human society, fighting or yielding for interest, confrontation and dialogue, war and peace, economy and humanities; man’s subsistence, health, entry into schools of a higher grade, courtship, employment, marriage, pay raise, promotion, rejoice, happiness, honor, etc. Man and nature, person and person, man and himself combine and mingle to form a holographic scene of orderly and successive movement, penetrating and transformation, and of cause-and-effect cycle. The scene is full of contradictions, and permeated with law of “the unity of opposites” for contradiction. The movement of everything is the law of “the unity of opposites,” a movement of “reason.” The Great Balance Theory holds that the movement should also be movement of the cause of “unity of opposites” -- “balance and imbalance” and, “matter and reason.” And therefore, all the things in the world are without exception in dynamic movement between balance and imbalance.
2、事物都有保持和趋向自身平衡的本性。（自因法则）
2. Things have the nature to keep and develop towards self-balance. (This is the law of self cause.)
事物趋向自身平衡的本性，即事物与生俱来的“求生”本能。表现为事物本能地呼应规律的运动。万事万物都有追求自身平衡的本性。如太阳、月亮自然循环、地球自己公转自转；初生动物自动求食、生、长、成、亡、新陈代谢、趋利避害；植物的生、长、收、藏、光合作用，生态系统的“自净作用”。人体自身的“免疫功能”、体内水液自动调节、细胞DNA自动修复。大宇宙熵值的自动增高、自我调节。自然界食物链、相生相克链的自然循环。还有原子内电子的“自我保护”等等。所有这些都是它们“与生俱来” 的求生本能，并非“人”力所为。该本能驱使事物在不平衡时极力趋向平衡，达到平衡则竭力保持平衡，后又伺机趋向新的平衡以至无穷……。
The nature of things developing toward self-balance is their instinct to “seek subsistence,” shown as movements instinctively following laws. All things in the world have the nature to pursue self-balance, such as the natural cycle of the sun and moon, and the revolution and rotation of the earth; newly born animals’ instinct to look for food, their birth, growth, maturity, death, metabolism, and seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages; the birth, growth, collection and photosynthesis of plants, and “self-purification function” of ecosystem; immunity function of human body, automatic regulation of body fluid, and automatic repair of DNA in cells; automatic increase and self-regulation of the cosmic entropy power; natural cycles of food chain and the chain of producing and overcoming each other; and the “self-protection” of electrons inside the atom. All these are their inborn instinct to seek subsistence, not artificial. The instinct drives things to try hard to a balanced state when unbalanced, keep balance when reaching a balanced state, and then look for new balance till infinite…
自然界，生态环境本身具有的“自净作用”，是大气、水、土壤等受到污染之后，自身能够通过物理、化学或生物的作用，使其组成成分逐渐“自动恢复”到原状态的功能。“趋向稳态”是构成生物、自然最基本的前提和条件，“自调”是维持这种稳态的基础保证。生物的 “新陈代谢”都具有非常“巧妙”的自动配位和自我调节的机制……
The “self-purification function” of nature and the ecological environment is that when the air, water and soil are polluted, they can, by physical, chemical or biological actions, make their components “restore automatically” to original functions. The “trend toward a steady state” is the most fundamental premise and condition constructing creatures and nature. “Self-regulation” is a basic guarantee to maintain such a steady state. Creatures’ “metabolism” has the ingenious mechanism of automatic coordination and self-regulation…
社会领域，生产关系本身就有适合生产力发展的一面，才能与社会协调达到一定的平衡。虽然这种动态平衡常常会被打破，但随后又会自发地追求新的平衡，否则，这种生产关系就不可能产生。上层建筑与经济基础也是如此。在商品经济中，尽管商品的价格时高时低，但总体来看，价格却总是“自发“地围绕价值上下波动趋近平衡。
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n the social field, relations of production fit in with the development of productive forces in one aspect, and then the two can coordinate with the society and achieve balance at a certain level. Although such dynamic balance is often broken, it then spontaneously pursues new balance. Otherwise, such relations of production cannot come into being. So are the superstructure and the economic base. In the commodity economy, although the commodity price rises and falls, in general it is always fluctuating “by itself” around the value towards balance.
我们把以上“自我调节、自动恢复、自动配位、自净作用、自趋稳态”等等，称作 “自己运动”，而不是外力“安排”。“自己运动”即事物发展的动力在于事物内部的特性。自然界和人类社会的一切事物内部都包含着矛盾，都具有相互排斥、相互对立而又相互统一的倾向。这种“倾向”、“内因”导致了事物的“自己运动”。这个“本性”——趋向自身平衡的生存本性，有如中医讲的人体本身的“自稳平衡”能力，西医称为“人体本身具有的免疫功能”，是万物都有的生存本能。万物“自己运动”时，“外因是变化的条件，内因是变化的根据，内因通过外因而起作用”。
We call “self-regulation, automatic restoration, automatic coordination, self-purification function, and self-tendency toward a steady state” mentioned above “self-movement,” not arranged by external forces. “Self-movement” is a characteristics of things that the impetus for development comes from inside. All the things in nature and human society contain contradictions inside, which tend to repel, oppose each other and unite. Such a “tendency” or “internal factor” causes the “self-movement” of things. And this “nature,” the nature of all things inclining to self-balance for subsistence, is something like the “self-stability and balance” of human body in Chinese medicine, which is called “immunity function of the human body itself” in Western medicine. In the case of "self-movement" of all things, "external factors are the conditions for change, internal factors are the basis for change. The internal factors function through external factors."
亚里士多德先生说：自然界的运动有两种，一种是天然运动，一种是被迫运动。轻的东西有“轻性”，如气、火，它们天然地向上走；重的东西有“重性”，如水、土，它们天然地向下跑。这种天然运动是由它们的本性决定的。世间万物都向往它们各自的天然位置，都有各归其所的倾向……。轻的东西的天然处所在上面，重的东西的天然处所在下面，在各归其所倾向的支配下，它们自动地出自本能向上或向下运动。虽然这些运动的形式有所不同，但目的只有一个，那就是:求生——求活。如果万物没有这个“自因、自为、自然、自在” 的本能追求，只是依靠外部条件，那万物将不得生存。事物发展的动力正是源于这种趋向自身平衡的内在本性——生存。
According to Aristotle, movement in nature is classified into two kinds: natural movement and forced movement. Light things have the “light nature,” such as gas and fire, going up naturally; heavy things have the “heavy nature,” such as water and earth, going down naturally. Such natural movements are decided by their nature. Everything in the world has its natural position and tends to go to stay at its proper place… The natural place for light things is high above while that for heavy things is down below. Controlled by the tendency to stay at the proper place, they automatically and instinctively move upwards or downwards. Although forms of movement are different, the goal is the same – to survive or to be alive. If things did not pursue instinctively “self cause, self conduct, natural presence, and self existence,” and just relied on external conditions, all things would not survive. The driving force of development originates in the nature of the tendency toward self-balance – subsistence.
以上虽都不存在绝对的平衡，只能有相对、更佳的平衡。但事物都有保持和趋向自身平衡的本性则是可以确定。
Although of all these there is no absolute balance as there is relative and better balance, it is certain that things have the nature to maintain and develop toward self-balance.
3、事物发展是由“平衡～不平衡～新平衡……”的永恒运动。（运行法则）
3. The development of things is an eternal movement from balance to imbalance, to new balance… (This is the law of movement.)
由于事物都具有“趋向自身平衡的本性”，所以它们在趋向自身平衡的过程中，必然会与“相关事物趋向自身平衡的运动”发生摩擦、对峙、冲撞、甚至是斗争。直至双方达成一个相对的“动态平衡”。但这个平衡很快就会被“其它相关事物趋向自身平衡的运动影响、打破”形成不平衡……。从而又产生“平衡——不平衡——新平衡——新不平衡……”的融合、交替运动。宇宙万物就处在这样永恒的循环“场”中。
As things have the “nature toward self-balance,” they surely have friction, confrontation, offence and even conflict with “movements of relevant things toward self-balance.” The process continues until the two parties achieve a relative “dynamic balance.” However, the balance will soon “be influenced and broken by the movements of other relevant things toward self-balance” to form new imbalance… And then come the integrated and alternative movement of “balance – imbalance – new balance – new imbalance…” All the things in the cosmos are in this eternally cycling “field.”
歌德先生曾讲，大自然具有灵敏的平衡性。它在规定的限度内不停地摆动，这样就产生了时空中向我们展示的种种现象。大平衡认为，这种现象就是时而平衡、时而不平衡的永恒运动……。人们都生活在无尽的矛盾之中，旧的矛盾解决了，会有一段平静（相对平衡）。但很快就会出现新的矛盾，打破现有平衡造成不平衡。然后再解决新矛盾达到新平衡。如此流转循环、生生不已。呈现“蛹动”前进和“盘旋”上升的循环曲线。美国劳力子先生曾说：“从平衡到不平衡再到新平衡……，是事物发展的一般规律”
Johann W. Goethe once said that the great nature has a sensitive feature of balance. It waves continuously within prescribed limit, which produces various phenomena we see in time and space. The Great Balance Theory holds that such phenomena are eternal movements, balanced sometimes and unbalanced at times… People live in endless contradictions: as old contradictions are solved, there will be a period of peace (relative balance), but soon new ones emerge, breaking present balance and causing new imbalance. And then new contradictions are solved to achieve new balance. Such a cycle continues unceasingly, shown as a curve “rolling” forward and “spiraling” upward. Professor Lao Lizi from the United States once said, “It is the general law for development from balance to imbalance, then to new balance…”
因此，事物发展是由“平衡——不平衡——新平衡……”的永恒运动。
Therefore, the development of things is an eternal movement from balance to imbalance, and then to new balance…
4、对立面的存在“有弊有利”，辨证应对则相反相成。（辩证法则）
4. The existence of the opposite has “advantages and disadvantages.” To see it in a dialectical way, the one and its opposite oppose yet complement each other. (This is the law of dialectics.)
世上没有绝对的道理，对立面的存在也是如此。人们往往多是看到对立面不利的一面，都想尽快消除并且是越彻底越好；殊不知对立面的存在，还有“有利”的一面：
一是有利于人们提高警觉、增强危机感。二是有利于取长补短，提高生存技能。三是有利于人们在相互竞争中壮大自己。小错总也改不了就是大错。
Nothing is absolutely right in the world, so is the existence of the opposite. Usually people only see disadvantages of the opposite, and want to get rid of it as soon and as thoroughly as possible. They don’t know that the existence of the opposite has its advantages:
First, it is to help people increase their vigilance and crisis awareness. Secondly, it is to help make up each other’s deficiencies and improve subsistence capability. Thirdly it is to help people grow stronger in competition. However, repeated small mistakes make a big mistake.
从某种意义上讲，我们的成长、壮大倒是仰仗于自己的对手。因为他是我们最挑剔、最容易发现我们致命弱点、最容易置我们于死地的“朋友”。 对立面的消失不仅会给自己带来危险，而且自身也会随之消失。如果彻底失去对立面，自己内部就会随即分裂出对立面。而事物则是最容易被自己内部的对立面消灭。有人不明白这个道理，对立面出现他们就害怕，对立面消失他们就高兴。殊不知：对立面的存在往往能够提醒自己谨慎从事易于成功，对立面消失则往往导致疏于防范而归于失败。有时共同的敌人消灭之后，朋友也可能变为敌人。大病初愈者，常因放松警惕而造成复发；身体强壮者，反而因疏忽大意而导致猝亡。人类社会也是一样，有对立面的制约、刺激才会励精图治、奋发图强。否则，没有约束、加速膨胀、“安乐”而死却不知其所。
In some sense, we grow stronger depending on our opponent, because he is a “friend” who is most captious, quickest to find our weaknesses, and ablest to put us into a deathtrap. If the opposite disappears, one will be in danger and moreover disappear with it. If the opposite disappears completely, one will have a new opposite broken away from its inside. Things are wiped out most possibly by the opposite inside. Some do not understand, and thus they are afraid when the opposite appears, and are happy when the opposite disappears. They don’t know that the existence of the opposite can usually make people act cautiously and achieve success more easily. And the disappearance of the opposite always leads to slackened prevention and in turn, failure. Sometimes, when the common enemy is defeated, friends can turn into enemies. A patient who just recovered will suffer a relapse if letting down his guard; a strong person may die suddenly because of neglect. It is the same with the human society. Stimulated by the opposite, people can make vigorous efforts and go all out to achieve success; otherwise they may die “in peace” while not knowing whether it is worthy.
古人讲“事必有对”，孤阴不生、独阳不存、阴阳相长。病毒也会帮助人类进化。存在对立面是自然规律、是正常现象并不可怕。任何时候都不可能没有对立面，任何一方也永远都不可能彻底消灭对方而独立存在。人类几千年的历史证明：平等合作、互利共赢、和谐发展才是最佳选择。怕只怕人们不明白这个道理，只凭感性去消灭对立面，岂料自己反被“内部的对立面”所消灭。人们若能善于从对立面的存在中发现自身不足、逆来顺用、汲取反力、壮大自己，才是人生大智慧。所以说：
对立面的存在“有弊有利”，辨证应对就会相反相成、相辅相成。
As ancient men said, “Anything has its opposite.” Yin cannot exist without Yang, and Yang cannot grow without Yin; the two grow together. Viruses can help man evolve. It is a natural law and normal phenomenon that the opposite exists. At any time the opposite is there, and nothing can get rid of its opposite and exists independently. The human history over thousands of years has proven that equality and cooperation, mutual benefit and win-win, and harmony and development are the best choice. We are afraid that people do not understand and try to get rid of the opposites out of perceptual cognition, and will be eradicated by the “inside opposite” on the contrary. If people can find deficiency by way of the opposite, accept adversity and take advantage of it, and absorb forces from the opposite to strengthen themselves, they then obtain the great wisdom of life. And thus:
The existence of the opposite has “advantages and disadvantages.” To see it in a dialectical way, the one and its opposite oppose yet complement each other.
5、事物发展总是趋向最佳的综合平衡。（总体方向）
5. Things develop toward best, comprehensive balance. (This is the general direction.)
从以上四点不难看出：相互联动的世间万物，都有趋向自身平衡的本性；它们在趋向自身平衡的过程中，必然会与其它相关事物趋向自身平衡的运动发生矛盾、产生摩擦、纠纷、冲突乃至斗争。由此引起的“不平衡”将促使事物自身及相关事物向“新的、综合的平衡方向”发展；当它们达到一定的平衡限度时，往往又被另外相关事物趋向自身平衡的运动打破现有平衡，导致“新的不平衡运动”的产生。从而引起“新的不平衡”向“新的平衡”方向的“本能”的、“多维”的、周而复始的永恒运动。尽管运动中有反复、曲折，但总体却总是朝着综合、最佳、动态平衡的方向迈进。因此：
事物发展总是趋向综合、最佳的动态平衡。
We can see easily from the above four points: Everything in the world interacts with another and has the nature to develop toward self-balance. In the process, it surely has contradiction, friction, dispute, conflict and even struggle with relevant things in the same movement. The “imbalance” will push the thing itself and relevant things to develop toward “new and comprehensive balance;” when they achieve certain balance, similar movements of other relevant things will always break present balance, leading to the appearance of “new movement due to imbalance.” And then the “new imbalance” moves toward “new balance” instinctively, repeatedly, and in a multidimensional way. Although there are setbacks and twists and turns in the movement, it progresses in the direction of best, comprehensive, dynamic balance. And thus:
Things always develop toward best, comprehensive, dynamic balance.
八、大平衡的哲学范畴：平衡与不平衡。
VIII. Philosophical categories of the Great Balance Theory: balance and imbalance.
由于角度不同，人们对平衡与不平衡的看法也会有所不同。但平衡与不平衡却都是事物发展的自然趋向和自然状态。二者是对抗、交溶、和谐、斗争、多样性与统一性有机融合的整体存在。
As from different perspectives, people have different views on balance and imbalance. And the two are the natural tendency and states of the development of things. They are an integral being blending organically conflict, integration, harmony, struggle, diversity and unity.
“平衡与不平衡”构成大平衡的一对哲学范畴。根据“本末、始终、先后”、轻重缓急的原则，这对大范畴可分为八对小范畴：
1、真实平衡、虚假平衡 2、内部平衡、外部平衡
3、长远平衡、近期平衡 4、传统平衡、现代平衡
5、系统平衡、层次平衡 6、个体平衡、团队平衡
7、主观平衡、客观平衡 8、主动平衡、被动平衡
“Balance and imbalance” construct the pair of philosophical categories of the Great Balance Theory. According to the principle of priority -- “the fundamental and the incidental, the start and the end, the early and the late,” and the order of importance and emergency, the big category can be divided into eight smaller ones:
1. True balance and false balance
2. Internal balance and external balance
3. Long-term balance and short-term balance
4. Traditional balance and modern balance
5. Systematic balance and leveled balance
6. Individual balance and collective balance
7. Subjective balance and objective balance
8. Active balance and passive balance
九、大平衡的分类：以上平衡与不平衡可分为大、中、小三个类别。如国家、集体、个人……。每个类别又分为：有益、中性与有害三种情况。如正义、中立、非正义……。大平衡的应对原则是：尽可能延长有益的平衡与不平衡，尽可能缩短有害的平衡与不平衡；尽可能引导中性平衡与不平衡，促使其向有益平衡或有益不平衡转化。
IX. Classification in the Great Balance Theory:
The abovementioned balance and imbalance can be classified into three categories: big, medium and small, such as the nation, the collective and the individual… And each category is subdivided into beneficial, neutral and harmful, such as just, neutral and unjust. The principle of the Great Balance Theory corresponding to this is to prolong useful balance and imbalance as much as possible, shorten harmful balance and imbalance as much as possible, and cause neutral balance and imbalance toward useful balance or imbalance as much as possible.
应用哲学大平衡强调：平衡与不平衡同等重要。二者互根对立、辩证统一、蛹动盘升、有序前进。至于何时保持、趋向平衡，何时打破平衡造成不平衡趋向新平衡……，则应根据“准平衡”——“整体利益有序增减”相机而定，决不是“留恋”平衡！动极生静、静极萌动。平衡往往在最不平衡时萌生，不平衡往往在最平衡时出现。
The Applied Philosophical Balance Theory emphasizes that balance and imbalance are of the same importance. The two oppose each other, unite dialectically, worm upward and move forward in an orderly way. As for when to maintain balance, when to move toward balance, when to break balance to cause imbalance which then develops toward new balance…we should follow the criterion of “quasi-balance” – orderly increase and decrease of overall interests, rather than stay at a balanced state. Extreme dynamic gives birth to stillness and extreme stillness gives birth to dynamic. Balance often emerges at a time of a worst imbalance, and imbalance often appears at a time of the best balance.
现实中，大平衡可分为：工业平衡论、农业平衡论、商贸平衡论、教育平衡论、传媒平衡论、军事平衡论；生态平衡论、法学平衡论、医学平衡论、建筑平衡论、规划平衡论、结构平衡论、协调平衡论、经济平衡论、政治平衡论；饮食平衡论、生理平衡论、心理平衡论、居室平衡论、作息平衡论；家庭平衡论、邻里平衡论、单位平衡论、恋爱平衡论、名人平衡论、交往平衡论、服饰平衡论、开放平衡论、天体平衡论、……等等。
In reality, the Great Balance Theory include: balance theories of Industry, Agriculture, Business and Trade, Education, Media, Military Affairs, Biology, Laws, Medicine, Construction, Design, Structure, Coordination, Economy, Politics, Diet, Physiology, Psychology, House, Work and Rest, Family, Neighborhood, Unit, Courtship, Celebrity, Association, Clothes and Adornment, Opening, Celestial Body, etc.
十、大平衡的五点意义：
X. Significance of the Great Balance Theory in five aspects:
1、哲学意义：大平衡作为一种新的大众应用哲学，主张把“理论研究和实践普及”适当区分，使大家切身感受哲学对人的“提示”作用。
1. Philosophical significance: The Great Balance Theory, as a new, popular applied philosophy, advocates the proper separation of “theoretical study and popularization in practice” to make people personally experience the guiding function of philosophy.
2、社会意义：依“准平衡——整体利益有序增减”做有规则“游戏”。人类应当各安其位，各司其责。各遂其志，各循常理。
2. Social significance: Play a “game” according to “quasi-balance – orderly increase and decrease of overall interests.” Each should stay in his proper position and do his duty. And then each can attain his ambition while following social convention.
3、生态意义：以“准平衡”为标准，加深人类“与大自然共存亡”的意识，发展良性循环的生态经济，建设淳朴温馨的人文家园、进入自我管理的和谐境界。
3. Biological significance: Based on the criterion of “quasi-balance”, it can strengthen man’s awareness of “living and dying with nature,” build a pure, simple and warm home for human activities, and reach a self-managed harmonious level.
4、交往意义：推荐交往基本准则：“和而不同、依理施仁、位优先礼、评说在民”。自觉摆正“想与该”的关系。
4. Significance in association: It recommends a fundamental rule for association: “Be harmonious but tolerant of difference; practice benevolence according to the common principle; associate according to the priority of position; and it is the people who are to comment.” And it helps people to straighten out the relationship between “what you want to do” and “what you should do.”
5、思维意义：a、非此即彼欠科学。现实中合情不合理、合理不合法、合法不合情的事情比比皆是。事情不可能“小葱拌豆腐一清二白”。非此即彼往往出错。
5. Significance in thinking: a. It is not scientific to consider something is either this or that. We can see things fair but irrational everywhere in reality, rational but illegal, legal but unfair. Nothing is plain as a dish of white beancurd and green scallions (meaning “as clear as day”).
b、形左实右更有害。事物发展都有“度”的限制，“越位”、“缺位”都会事与愿违。过分关爱、不讲方法往往把好事办坏。
b. It is more harmful of Left in form but Right in essence. Development of all things is limited by “appropriateness”; any actions exceeding the limit or falling vacant will run counter to wishes. Too much care and no method will always turn good things to bad.
c、善待反因智慧高。世间万物不可能没有、也不可能消灭对立面。人们应当学会与对立面平等合作、互利共赢、共同发展才是大智慧。
c. Man of great wisdom can treat things well. Nothing in the world has no opposite or can get rid of its opposite. People should learn to cooperate with the opposite equally for mutual profit, win-win and common development. Such is great wisdom.
d、智者无小事。一般人总想做惊天动地的伟大事业，但千里之行，始于足下。天下大事无不始于小事，能够坚持做好小事的平民百姓同样是伟人！
d. A wise man deals no trivia. Ordinary people always want to do a great, earthshaking deed. But a thousand-li journey begins with the first step; and great deeds begin with small ones. Ordinary people who can persist to do small things well are also great.
e、时时纠“心念”。万事很复杂也很简单，无非是“本末”、“终始”“先后”。一事当前，“起心动念” 目的、动机非常重要，失之毫厘、差之千里。
e. Often grasp “ideas.” Things are complicated as well as simple. It’s nothing more than “the fundamental and the incidental, the start and the end, the early and the late.” When something happens, the first thing is to “have an idea.” Goal and motivation is very important. An error the breadth of a single hair can lead you a thousand li astray.
十一、大平衡的理论基石是“相对论”——事理无绝对。所以，大平衡不唯物、不唯心，不唯上、不唯下，不唯神学、不唯科学，不唯存在、不唯意识。但却不是实用主义。它唯实、唯变、唯适、唯恰当、唯自然、唯社会和谐、唯百姓满意、唯真理追求、唯生生不息，是既讲目的合理、又讲手段科学、君子爱财当取正道的“适用主义”。
XI. The theoretical basis of the Great Balance Theory is the Theory of Relativity holding that nothing is absolute. And thus, the Great Balance Theory is not solely subject to materialism, idealism, metaphysics, physics, theology, science, being, or cognition. But it is not pragmatism. It is subject only to reality, change, comfort, properness, nature, social harmony, people’s satisfaction, truth seeking, endless breeding, and is a theory of applicability combining rational goal, scientific method and right means of gentlemen to obtain wealth.
应用哲学大平衡是一个永远开放的理论，它将随着时代发展而发展，源源不断地汲取古今人类智慧精华，不断地修正、补充和完善自己。与时代同步注重针对性研究、应用。而不太在意那家宗教、神学、哲学、自然科学还是其它新老学说。只要有利于“整体利益有序增减”，只要老百姓满意、高兴，大平衡将与时俱进一并吸纳、整合、改造选用，绝无门户之见也永远不会完结。
The Applied Philosophical Balance Theory is always open. It progresses with the times, incessantly absorbs essence of human wisdom in ancient and present times, continuously amends, supplements and improves itself, and, in abreast with the times, focuses on research and application with a clear aim. It does not pay much attention to any particular school of religion, theology, philosophy, natural sciences or other new and old doctrines. The Great Balance Theory will keep in abreast with the times to absorb, integrate, transform, and select from whatever helps the “orderly increase of overall interest” and common people are satisfied and happy with, and continue the process without sectarian bias forever.
其实，人类的哲学，早就应该是这个样子。人类的历史，原本就是一部人类趋向自身平衡的奋斗史！各门科学也都是一个个具体行业的平衡论。
Actually, such should have been human philosophy long ago. The human history is originally a history on man’s striving for self-balance. And each subject of scientific studies is a balance theory about a specific field.
应用哲学大平衡不是以往哲学之统一，而是“原有哲学经典之融和”。大平衡更不是“世界统一之意识形态”，而只是“哲学超市”中一个新的品牌。它以“准平衡”为标准，努力追求多样性与统一性的自然融和。大平衡能否存在、存在多久取决于它的作为——对生存的帮助。我们只是把它作为完成自己使命的一份“答卷”推介于世。
The Applied Philosophical Balance Theory is not the unity of past philosophies, but the “integration of philosophical classics.” The Great Balance Theory is not “an ideology about the unity of the world” but a new brand in the “supermarket of philosophies.” Following the criterion of “quasi-balance,” it seeks the natural combination of diversity and unity. Whether the Great Balance Theory can exist and how long it will exist depends on its accomplishment – its aid to subsistence. We just recommend it as an “answer sheet” for us to complete the mission.
关于“平衡”的课题，中国国家主席胡锦涛先生曾讲：“只有实现全球的协调、平衡与普遍发展，才能实现世界的稳定与持久和平。我们应当全面深入地探讨这一课题，齐心协力解决这一课题。”
As for the topic of “balance,” President Hu Jintao once said: “As long as the world community is coordinated, balanced and developing universally, we can realize the stability and lasting peace of the world. We should explore the topic in an all-round and thorough way and make concerted effort to solve it.”
总之，大平衡认为： 世界是平衡的。没有平衡就没有世界。宇宙总公式： E ≈ -E E = MC2 或 F引≈-F引（正能量E约等于负能量 -E ）
In summary, the Great Balance Theory holds: Te world is balanced; without balance, there is no world. Positive energy E equals negative energy E ≈ -E E = MC2 或 F引≈-F引
“随着自然科学领域中每一个划时代的发现，唯物主义也必然要改变自己的形式。”
《马克思恩格斯全集》第4卷，第224页。
“With each epoch-making discovery in the field of natural sciences, materialism is certainly to change its form. ” —— p.224, Volume IV, Karl Marx and Friendrich Engels
只要人们愿意，尽可以为自然立法，但还要听听大自然的意见。—— 温家宝
As long as people are willing, they can set up laws for nature, though they should see whether nature permits. ——wen jiabao
上篇小结：本篇从绪论开始简单介绍老百姓认为的哲学——大平衡及其产生的大体原因。之后从实践——人的第一需求开始，逐步从感性过渡、上升到理性认识——大平衡。着重说明“平衡“是动态的、相对的、自因自为自然自在的，一般通过斗争才能获得平衡。大平衡以万物的生生不息为根本追求。建议人类找准自身位置，理顺“想/该”关系，奉行“当行则行、当止则止、适可而止”的“适用主义”原则。
Summary of Volume I
This volume gives, starting from the Introduction, a brief introduction to the philosophy in the eyes of common people – the Great Balance Theory and the general reason for its appearance. And then starting from practice -- man’s first need, it progresses from the perceptual to the rational knowledge – the Great Balance Theory, emphasizing that “balance” is dynamic, relative, of self cause, self conduct, natural presence, and self existence, and is usually achieved by struggle. The ultimate goal of the Great Balance Theory is endless development of all the things in the world. The Great Balance Theory advises man to find his proper place, straighten out the relationship between “what you want to do” and “what you should do,” and follow the principle of applicability – “do as you should do, stop as you should stop, and refrain from going too far.”
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