认识是人们对事理的了解和把握。“事理”即万物运行的根本规律。认识的目的是追求一个永恒的真理。大平衡认为，认识就是对实践——人生必经之路的看法。
Cognition is what people understand of law, the fundamental law by which all things on earth follow. The purpose of cognition is to pursue the eternal truth for subsistence. The Great Balance Theory holds that cognition is what people think of practice – the unavoidable path of life.
一、认识是“人思物理”可知难尽。人是大自然进化的产物，组成人体的元素与大自然所含元素一一对应。因此，人体之理与大自然之理也就天然相通。所以，人类可以通过认识自己“推己及人、推己及物”认识真理，反之亦可。但“可知难尽”。因为我们毕竟是“人思物理、难全其意”。大宇宙我们看不透、小粒子我们看不清，即使是我们自己看自己也未必就能看清、看透、看准。所以，我们的认识难以彻底。但我们的认识可以逐步深入……。
I. Cognition is “what people think of matter and reason” and the process is endless. Man is a product of natural evolution, and the elements comprising human body correspond to those of nature. Thus the law of human body is naturally interlinked to that of nature. And therefore, man can recognize truth by understanding himself and then “from man to man, from man to things,” and vice versa. But “the process of cognition is endless,” because when we “think of matter and reason, we cannot master the entire connotation.” We cannot see through the cosmos, and cannot see clearly small particles either. And we even cannot see through ourselves. And thus, our knowledge cannot be thorough, but man’s knowledge can be furthered step by step…
认识的主体、中介、客体、方法、过程等与“实践”同。
The subject, medium, object, method and process of cognition are the same to those of practice.
认识工具——人体感官及其延伸器（人制造的产品）。
Tools for cognition include human sense organs and extending ones, such as man-made products.
如上所示：人体感官或感官延伸器将信息汇总传至大脑，大脑的“灵、魂协商”——作出决定——肉体执行。
As illustrated above, sense organs of the human body or extending ones collect information and transmit it to the cerebrum, and “the spirit” and “the soul” discuss, make a decision, and then the body carries out the decision.
“灵”是人与大自然正理、正气、正义的信念、信息，在物质方面表现为“8—13赫兹”的电磁波；“魂”是人体感官本能的条件反射，如饿、困、饥、劳、疼、痛、痒等等。“魄”是灵、魂、人体“合三一”的外在气质，有时魄也会作出“自己”认为合适的瞬时选择。如董存瑞炸碉堡。它们的分工为：灵——“该或不该”,最好两全其美；魂——只讲“想不想”做！魄——一般表现为人的外在气质。一般情况下，灵、魂协商即可决定但较费时。这便是人们“犹豫不决”的大体原因，也是情况危急时，“魄”会做出瞬时选择的原因。
“Spirit” is the idea and information about correct principle, moral spirit, and justice of man and nature, shown physically as electromagnetic wave of “8-13 hertz.” “Soul” is the instinctive conditional reflex of human sense organs, such as starvation, sleepiness, hunger, tiredness, pain, ache, itch, etc. “Resolution” is the external disposition integrating spirit, soul and human body. Sometimes “resolution” makes an immediate choice “it” considers suitable. Take Dong Cunrui bombing a blockhouse as an example. The division of labor was as follows: “Spirit” deliberates on “Yes or No”: it’s better be alive and bomb the blockhouse at the same time. “Soul” only thought whether or not it wanted to do. “Resolution” is usually shown in external disposition. Generally, spirit and soul can make a decision after consultation though it takes time, which is the general reason why people are “hesitating,” and why “resolution” makes an immediate choice at emergency.
二、人，到底有没有灵魂？我们认为没有灵魂，但意识肯定是有的。人脑是物质，意识是人脑的机能。根据“物质不灭定理”，作为人脑的物质不会消灭，只能从一种形式转变为另外的形式。那么，人脑的机能——意识，是否也能转变为另外的形式呢？大平衡研究认为：意识与大脑——物质——能量相对，意识的本质是信息，信息具有“波”的属性。所以，意识在人脑转化之后，有可能变成“微波”的东西，散发在空中与同频率的“微波”融合。而过去人们把这个“微波”物化，称作“灵魂”。当然，这需要进一步证实。
II. Does a man have a soul? We believe that man has no soul, but has consciousness. The cerebrum is matter, while consciousness is function of human cerebrum. According to the “law of the conservation of matter,” those constructing human cerebrum will not disappear, and will only change from one form to another. Then, can consciousness, as function of human cerebrum, change into another form? The Great Balance research holds that consciousness, opposite to the cerebrum, matter and energy, is information in nature, which has attributes of “wave.” And therefore, consciousness, after the transformation of human cerebrum, may change into matter like “microwave” in air and integrates with “microwaves” of the same frequency. In the past people called this “microwave” “soul.” Of course, this needs to be confirmed further.
但“灵魂”有无的问题，若是根据“李氏物理不灭定理” ，解释起来就容易一些。
But as for the problem whether “soul” exists, it will be easier to explain it by the Li Law of the Conservation of Matte r and Reason.
李氏物理不灭定理：物质及其存在之理都不会消灭，只能从一种形式转化为另外的形式。即物在理在、物迁理迁。二者相随，不生不灭。“物、理”对立互根、融合转化、趋向同一、往复循环。那么，人脑在、意识在，人脑转意识也必然随之转，二者相随，不生不灭。
The Li Law of the Conservation of Matter and Reason holds that matter and the reason for its existence will not disappear, and only change from one form to another. It means that while matter exists, the reason exists; and when matter changes, the reason changes too. These two keep company and do not emerge or perish. “Matter and reason” oppose to each other, but are rooted in each other, integrate and transform into each other, develop into a unified one, and repeat in cycles. And thus, so long as human cerebrum exists, there is consciousness; and when human cerebrum changes, consciousness changes too. The two keep company and do not emerge or perish.
这样看来，过去被人们称作“灵魂” 的东西，就是人脑在腐化、火化之后转变而成的看不见的物质——能量——信息——微波。由于时代所限，人们将它物化“拟人”表述,……。
In this way, what people called “soul” in the past is invisible matter – energy, information, and microwave – transformed from human cerebrum after being decomposed or cremated. Due to limitations of the times, people “personified” it and embodied something in it…
三、老百姓认为的“物质、精神”概念如下图所示：“物质精神”或“能量信息”是一个整体——“存在”不同角度、不同人等的称呼。“平衡”是“存在”的原因。
III. The concepts of “matter and spirit” in the minds of common people are shown in the following diagram: “Matter and spirit” or “energy and information” are a whole, as they are other names of “being” called by different people from different aspects. “Balance” is the reason for “being.”
老百姓认为，“物质”是宇宙万物的总称。“精神”是宇宙万物的本质。物质是精神的载体，精神是物质的灵魂，二者是一个不可分割的整体“存在”。从某种意义上讲，物质就是精神、精神就是物质。有人认为世界是“物质”的或“精神”的，一是由于他们只是看到了整体“存在”的一个方面，二是他们虽已认识清楚，但却只按自身所需，主张以“物”或以“理”为主。这都是绝对化的观点与现实不符，只是人类在一定历史时期的阶段性认识，况且，讨论以‘谁’为主是方法问题，而不是目的本身。不在一定的具体环境当中，很难确定以“谁”为主。
Common people think that “matter” is the general term for all things in the universe, and “spirit” is the essence of all things. Matter is the carrier of spirit while spirit is the soul of matter; the two is an inseparable whole “being.” Matter is spirit, while spirit is matter. Some believe that the world is “matter” or “spirit” because: First, they only see one aspect of the whole “being;” second, though they see the whole, they consider “matter” or “reason” as the major one out of their own needs. These are absolute opinions and do not correspond to reality, and are just knowledge in certain periods of human history. Furthermore, the discussion on “which” is the principal one is a problem of cognition, not of purpose. It’s hard to determine “which” is the principal one if not under certain circumstances.
因此，我们认识事物，不仅要认识事物之“气”——物质——“能量”，更多的是要认识事物之“理”——精神——“信息”。由“表、外在风貌”——“里、内在机理”——“因、产生原由”，进而认识万物生存之“道”——平衡。
Therefore, when we get to know things, we need to understand the “vital energy” of matter – “energy,” and more importantly, we must understand the “reason” of spirit – information. From “the outside (appearance)” to “the inside (internal mechanism)” and then to “the cause,” we can understand the “law” of the existence of all things – balance.
四、认识既然是“人思物理，难尽其愿”——可知难尽。所以，我们暂时不认识的东西，就不要轻易肯定或轻易否定，更不该因利益倾向而匆忙定论才是科学态度。真理亦需要不断的实践检验。公理、经验亦可以检验真理。
IV. Since cognition is “what people think of matter and reason, and we cannot master the whole connotation,” the process of knowledge is endless. Therefore, do not rashly affirm or negate things we do not know at present, and it is a scientific attitude not to make a hasty conclusion out of interest inclination. Truth needs to be tested by repeated practice. Axiom and experience can also test truth.
根据哥德尔不完备定理：人们不可能建立完全自恰、绝对严密的数学体系。这就“打破”了人类“建立绝对真理”的愿望。数学都不可能十分严密何况其它科学。实际上，各门科学也都是建立在假设之上的科学。人们认识大自然的“存在”规律就是认识“平衡”——万物“存在”的原因。“平衡规律”在不同行业、不同层次虽然表现形式不同，但实质相同。就象父母对孩子的“爱”，“分则万殊、合则归一。”
According to Godel Incomplete Theorem, it is impossible for man to establish a completely self-governed, unassailable mathematic system. It “breaks” man’s wish to “establish absolute truth.” Mathematics cannot be unassailable, let alone other disciplines. In fact, each discipline is a scientific study based on hypothesis. That the process in which people get to know the law of “being” in nature is to get to know “balance” – the reason for “being” of everything. The “law of balance” has different forms in different fields and at different levels, but has the same essence. This is like parents’ “love” for children: “When separated, they are different; when gathered, they combine into one.”
五、在大平衡看来，“凡物，理同形异”。神学、哲学、科学实际上是一回事。只是历史时期形式不同、称谓不同而已；都是人的“求生智慧”。哲学在一定时期是科学，走向绝对就会变为神学。科学之中有哲学，科学适度是科学，科学过度走向绝对也会变为宗教神学。神学在当年就是科学、哲学；神学、哲学、科学将综合存在。其实，只要百姓满意，无论什么“学”也都只是达到目的的一种方法、手段、一种工具。
V. According to the Great Balance Theory, “All things have the same logic but of different forms.” Mythology, philosophy and science are the same in essence – man’s “wisdom for subsistence,” but have different names and forms in different historical periods. Philosophy is science in a certain period, but becomes mythology as it goes extreme. Science embodies philosophy: it is science at a moderate degree, but when going extreme it becomes religion or mythology. Mythology in those days was science and philosophy; mythology, philosophy and science will exist together. As long as common people are satisfied, all the “studies” are a kind of method, approach or tool to attain the goal.
“认识”的最高境界，是想把握一个相对永恒的生存真理：自然规律——宇宙万物同生共荣的生存“合力”。依它而行则无往不胜，逆它而行则诸事难成。
The highest level of “cognition” is to master the relatively eternal truth for subsistence. That is, the law of nature is the “joint force” of subsistence that all things in the universe grow and thrive together. Follow it, and we will be invincible; go against it, and we will do nothing successfully.
只要人们用心、用情、用爱去认识这个世界，就会发现原来最高、永恒、苦苦追寻的最终真理，就在我们身边、包括我们自己，就隐藏在每一个具体的事物里面，它就是既可独立存在、又可寓物之内、还可与万物个个相对的“大平衡基因”。只要存在就是平衡，即使在宇宙大爆炸的“奇点”之处也是一种“平衡”。大平衡，的确是一个比较合适的“形而上学”理念。
So long as people get to know the world with heart, emotion and love, they will find that the ultimate truth of the highest level and eternity that we pursue persistently is beside us, including ourselves, hiding inside specific things. It can exist independently, and exist in things as well, and can also exist in “factors of the Great Balance” which correspond all things. As long as there is being, there is balance. And even the “singularity point” in cosmic explosion is a kind of “balance.” The Great Balance Theory is indeed an appropriate idea for “metaphysics.”
总之，真知生于民间，实践日生日日生——真诚善良、克己服理、自强不息。
In summary, truth is born among people, along with practice day by day. And with sincerity and kindness, we should restrain ourselves and be obedient to reason, and strive unceasingly to improve ourselves.
瞄准学术前沿，打开认识视野，拓展思维空间，既立足当代又继承传统，既立足本国又学习外国，大力推进学术观点创新、学科体系创新和科研方法创新，努力建设具有中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的哲学社会科学。 ——胡锦涛
Target at academic frontier, open up the horizon of cognition, and broaden the space for thinking; base ourselves in modern times and inherit tradition as well, and have our feet firmly planted in our own country while learning from foreign countries; energetically promote the innovation of academic ideas, disciplinary system and scientific research methods, and work hard to establish a philosophy of social sciences with Chinese characteristics and style. —— Hu Jintao
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